Particle Characterization - Non-optical Methods

TOPIC AREAS The Significance of PT Formation from Gas Formation from Liquid Comminution, Attrition Size Enlargement Particle Physics Particle Characterization:    Non-Optical Methods    Optical Methods Storage / Discharge:    Mechanics: wall stress    Dynamics: flow Pneumatic Conveying Fluidized Bed Mixing and De-mixing Separation by Size P./Gas Separation P./Liquid Separation Dispersion in Fluids Rheology Reaction Heating, Drying Safety Simulation, Modeling Specific Applications ERPT Home Page

ERPT Tutorials Dispersing Powders in Liquids Part 1.       by Dr. Ralph D. Nelson, Jr., P.E. (ERPT) This notes the wide variety of phenomena and industrial operations that involve particles, notes the variety of particle shapes and agglomerate structures, and introduces the concepts of particles size distribution and deagglomeration. -- ERPT 014Q-Nelson Try our on-line calculator for single particles of various shapes:       area, volume, mass, also area per gram, number per mg. Particle Size Analysis and Screening       by Gordon Young (Food Industry Engineering Pty Ltd, Brisbane, Australia) -- ERPT 024Q-Young

Web Tutorials (not ERPT) Everything you want to know about Zeta Potential… The Thai National Metal and Materials Technology Center describes how zeta potential is related to the charge on particles and why it is useful for characterizing dispersions. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) This Wikipedia article describes hoe AES produces high resolution, spatially resolved chemical images of the first few nanometers of the target surface. Sputtering can gradually remove the outer layers of a surface so that AES can be used to show how composition changes with depth below the surface. Malvern Instruments Ltd. has a list of nearly a hundred slide-shows and taped "Webinars" (live Web presentations) on Validation using Certified Powder Standards, and Zeta Potential in several languages, including Chinese, English, French, and German. To view these presentations you must register with your name, institution, industry, job title, address, phone, and Email address. You then choose a password. After that you need only your Email address and Password. -- See http://www.malvern.co.uk Encyclopedia of Analytical Instrumentation,       by Brian M. Tissue (Virginia Tech.) numerous introductory tutorials on spectroscopy, microscopy, surface analysis, optics, etc. -- www.chem.vt.edu/chem-ed/ac-meths.html Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) Theory and RBS Instrumentation       by Dr. Ron Fleming of Charles Evans & Associates, Web tutorials developed and supported in part by the National Science Foundation. -- www.eaglabs.com/cai/rbstheo/cairtheo.htm -- www.eaglabs.com/cai/rbsinst/cairinst.htm Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) Theory and SIMS Instrumentation       by Dr. Ron Fleming of Charles Evans & Associates, Web tutorials developed and supported in part by the National Science Foundation. -- www.eaglabs.com/cai/simstheo/caistheo.htm -- www.eaglabs.com/cai/simsinst/caisinst.htm Properties of Particulate Solids       by Prof. George Chase (Univ. of Akron), -- Solids Course Outline Page (see Solids Notes 3, a PDF file) Bulk Properties of Powders       by Prof. George Chase (Univ. of Akron), -- Solids Course Outline Page (see Solids Notes 4, a PDF file) Crispy? Crunchy? Gummy? Texture Technologies describes how to interpret a food product's compression curve Texture analyzers help quantify crunchiness, crispness, brittleness, hardness, fracturability, shelf life, packaging effectiveness, and many other characteristics which are extremely important to the snack food industry.

Web Sites of Educational Interest Surface and Interface Analysis       by Jeanne E. Pemberton (Univ of Arizona) An article from the 4th edition of the Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology) -- http://www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com/emrw/9780471238966 /kirk/article/surfpemb.a01/current/abstract Points to consider when collecting a sample and interpreting the results.       by Lyn Bates, of Ajax Equipment Limited, a condensed guide to industrial powder handling: --- Ten Key Steps to Secure Safe and Reliable Powder Test Results Chart of size ranges covered by various particle sizing techniques       by Osmonics Corp. (a PDF file) -- http://www.osmonics.com/library/filspc.htm Print blank graph paper of arithmetic probability, log probability, USGS Bagnold particle size frequency (direct from sieve data) -- from Humbolt Univ. (CA) Geology Dept. (as PDF files) -- http://www.humboldt.edu/~geodept/geology531/graph_paper_index.html Brief descriptions of various particle sizing techniques and examples of their applications -- Osmonics Corp. (PDF files) -- http://www.osmonics.com/library/library.htm Using Particle Charge in Sizing Aerosols -- equipment manufactured by TSI, Inc., covers the range from 3 nm to 20 m. The ranges of operation are given on their Web site. -- http://www.tsi.com/particle/products/partsize/partsize.htm

NonWeb Resources Characterisation of Bulk Solids       by Glasgow Caledonian Univ's Centre for Industrial Bulk Solids Handling -- ERPT's list of non-Web resources